Ni Ubwoko Ubuhe bw’Umunara wo Gukonjesha Ukora neza Cane?

 

Uvuye ku ngingo ngenderwako z’uguhindura ubushuhe, umusaraba-umuvuduko ufunze-umunara wo gukonjesha ukoresha"umusaraba-ugutemba kw'umuyaga + gufunga-uguzunguruka"igishushanyo: amazi akonjesha atemba imbere mu miyoboro y’amabombo yugarijwe ataco akora ku muyaga wo hanze, mu gihe umuyaga wo hanze unyura mu buryo buringaniye mu miyoboro y’amabombo no mu gice c’amazi y’imipfunda, bikaba bikora uburyo bwo guhindura ubushuhe bw’inzira zitatu- (gazi-amazi-ikomeye). Iyi nzira yongera igitigiri c’ikoreshwa ry’ahantu h’uguhindura ubushuhe n’ibice birenga 30%, kandi itandukaniro ry’ubushuhe bwo gukonjesha rishobora kugenzurwa neza hagati ya degre 5–8 , ivyo bikaba ari vyiza cane kuruta degre 8–12 z’iminara y’ugukonjesha yuguruye-izunguruka. Hagati aho, uruzitiro rwugarijwe-rutorera umuti bimwe bishitse ingorane z’ugukura, ugusenyuka, n’uguhumana kw’uburyo bw’amazi bifitaniye isano n’iminara y’uruzitiro yuguruye-. Igihe co gusukura imiyoboro y’amabombo kiramara amezi 12, n’igipimo c’ugucika intege kw’ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushuhe kiri munsi ya 5%. Mu buryo bunyuranye, iminara yuguruye-ishobora gushikirwa n’ugucika intege kw’ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushuhe kugera kuri 20% mu mezi atandatu kubera ugukura.

 

 

 

Ku bijanye n’ugukoresha neza inguvu, umunara wo gukonjesha w’umusaraba-ufunze-ufise ivyiza bikomeye cane. Igishushanyo caco c’umusaraba{3}}kigabanya cane ukubura kw’inguvu zidahinduka z’umuvuduko, kandi umuvuduko w’umuyaga w’ubushobozi bwinshi-ufasha uzigama inguvu nyinshi 25%–30% kuruta umuvuduko w’iminara y’ugukonjesha y’umuvuduko w’umuyaga. Ikindi, iyo modele irashobora guhindura ubwayo umuvuduko w’umuyaga n’ugutangura/uguhagarara kw’ipompa y’ugutera imiti bivanye n’umuzigo nyawo wo gukonjesha. Igitigiri c'ibikorwa (COP) mu gihe c'umuzigo w'igice gishobora gushika ku birenze 4.5, mu gihe COP y'iminara y'ugukonjesha yuguruye -ikunda kuba 2.8–3.2 gusa. Ku bijanye n’urugero rw’amazi akonjesha rwo ku rugero rwa 1.000 m3/h, umunara wo gukonjesha ushobora kuzigama amafaranga arenga 100.000 y’amayuan mu giciro c’amashanyarazi ku mwaka, ukaba uhuye n’ibisabwa mu bijanye no kuzigama inguvu no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’inganda mu gisata c’inganda.

 

 

Uvuye ku bijanye n’ubuhinga n’ubuzima bw’ibikorwa, umunara wo gukonjesha w’umusaraba-ufunze-ufise igiciro gitoyi muri rusangi. Igikoresho co gukoresha amazi gipfutse-kigabanya ikoreshwa ry’imiti yo gusukura amazi, igiciro c’imiti kikaba ari 1/3 gusa c’iminara y’amazi yuguruye. Muri ico gihe nyene, amatiyo y’amabombo afise ikidodo nta ngorane yo gufunga, ivyo bikaba bigabanya umuzigo w’ibikorwa vya O&M ku bice 60%. Ubuzima bw’ibikoresho bushobora gushika ku myaka 20, ni ukuvuga imyaka 8–10 kuruta iyo iminara yuguruye-izunguruka. Ikindi, ubuhinga bwayo bwo gutemba bujanye n’umusaraba-butuma uburebure bw’umunara bugabanuka, bikagabanya umwanya usabwa wo gushiramwo n’ibice 25%, bikaba bituma ibereye gukoreshwa mu gutegura ibintu bikomeye imbere mu bikorwa canke hejuru y’ibisenge.

 

 

Birakenewe kumenya ko igiciro c’ishoramari ry’intango c’iminara y’ugukonjesha y’umusaraba-ipfutse-irengeye 15%–20% kuruta iyo iminara yuguruye-ifunguye. Ariko rero, biciye mu kuzigama amafaranga y’inguvu n’amafaranga y’Ibikorwa n’Ibikorwa, akenshi ayo mahera ashobora gusubirwamwo mu myaka 2–3. Ku bikorwa vy'inganda vyoroshe bifise umuzigo muto n'inkungugu nyinshi, iminara yuguruye-iracari n'ivyiza bimwe bimwe vy'igiciro-. Naho biri ukwo, uhereye ku bijanye n’ugukora kw’igihe kirekire-n’ugusaba kw’ishimikiro kw’ugukonjesha kw’ubushobozi bwinshi, umunara wo gukonjesha w’umusaraba-ufunze-umurongo ni wo uhitamwo neza mu bijanye n’inganda.