Ni ubuhe buzima bw’ibikorwa vy’iminara y’ugukonjesha?

Nk’ibikoresho nyamukuru vyo gukuraho ubushuhe mu bikoresho vyo gukonjesha mu nganda no mu bikoresho vyo gukonjesha, iminara yo gukonjesha ntigira ubuzima buhoraho, ivyo bikaba bigenwa n’ibintu bine bihambaye: ubwoko bw’ibikoresho, ibikoresho nyamukuru, uko bikoreshwa n’ukuntu bikoreshwa ku musi ku musi.

 

 

Ubuzima bw’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none buratomoye. Ivyo bikoresho birashobora gushika ku buzima bwavyo bwategekanijwe iyo bikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe kandi bikabungabungwa, mu gihe iyo bibungabungwa bidakwiye bizogabanya cane igihe co gukoreshwa. Hariho itandukaniro rigaragara mu buzima bw’ibikorwa hagati y’ibihimba vy’umubiri n’umubiri w’umubiri, ivyo bizosobanurwamwo aha hepfo bifatanijwe n’ingene umuntu akora.

 

 

 

 

Hariho itandukaniro rigaragara mu buzima bw’igikorwa hagati y’ugufungura .iminara yo gukonjeshan’iminara y’ugukonjesha yugarijwe mu bijanye n’ubwoko bw’imibumbe. Umunara wo gukonjesha ufunguye w’ivyuma vy’ibirahuri usanzwe ukoreshwa mu myaka 15 gushika ku 20, kandi igipfukisho cawo c’umunara kirafise ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira uburozi.

 

 

 

Ariko rero, iyo nzira yuzuye irakorana ata guca ku ruhande n’ikirere be n’ibintu bihumanye igihe kirekire. Ivyuzuye vya PVC bizokwiragira kandi bibe bimeze nk’ibitoke mu myaka 3 gushika kuri 5 gusa, mu gihe ivyuzuye vya PP bishobora kwongereza ubuzima bw’ibikorwa gushika ku myaka 6 gushika ku myaka 8, bisaba ko bisubirwamwo ubudasiba kugira ngo bishobore guhindura ubushuhe.

 

Igishushanyo c’iminara yuguruye y’icuma gishushe-gipfutse kimara imyaka 10 gushika kuri 15. Mu bice vyo ku nkengera y’ikiyaga bifise umunyu mwinshi n’ibidukikije vy’imiti birimwo ibintu vy’aside n’ivy’amazi, igice c’ivyuma gishobora gusenyuka cane no gutoboka mu myaka 5, ivyo bikaba bituma inkomezi z’imibumbe zigabanuka ningoga.

 

 

 

 

Iminara y’ugukonjesha yugarijwe ikoresha uburyo bwo guhindura ubushuhe bw’uruzitiro rwugarijwe, aho ibintu vyo mu mutima bidakorana n’inkungugu yo hanze be n’imigera, ivyo bikaba bigabanya cane ingorane zo gusenyuka no gusenyuka.

 

Umunara wo gukonjesha ufunzen’ivyuma 304 bitagira ibara vyirata ubuzima bwose bw’imyaka 20 gushika kuri 25. Izo zifise ivyuma bitagira ibara 316L zirabereye gukoreshwa mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga bwa shimi no mu bikorwa vyo ku nkengera y’ikiyaga, kandi zishobora gukora zidahinduka imyaka 25 gushika kuri 30 zifise ubuhinga bwo kwitaho ibintu mu buryo bubereye.

 

 

Ivyombo vy’imbere bigendagenda biguma bisukuye igihe kirekire-, kandi ivyuzura vyo hanze ni vyo vyonyene bikeneye gusukurwa no gusubirwamwo, ivyo bikaba bituma haba igihe kirekire cane co gusanasana kuruta iminara yuguruye.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ibikoresho ni co kintu nyamukuru kigena urugero rwo hejuru rw’ubuzima bw’umunara wo gukonjesha. Ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama vy’i FRP birananira aside n’amazi y’ibitoke kandi ntibishobora guterwa n’umugese, bishobora gukora imyaka 15 gushika kuri 20 mu bihe bisanzwe vyo hanze.

 

 

Naho biri ukwo, igihe kirekire-gushikirwa n’imishwarara y’izuba ryinshi cane bizoteza ivyatsi n’ugusaduka; ibikoko bitagira ivyuma birwanya-ugukura bishobora gusaduka no gusohoka haciye nk’imyaka 10. Ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama bishobora guhangana n’ibihe, bifise ibikoresho vy’agaciro kanini bishobora kumara imyaka irenga 30.

 

Ivyuma vy’umuyagankuba bishasha-dip galvanized carbone biza kugiciro gitoyi, bimara imyaka 10 gushika kuri 15 mu mahinguriro asanzwe afise amazi asukuye azunguruka, yamara ubuzima bwavyo buzogabanywamwo igice ataco bimaze iyo amazi atari meza afise ions za chloride zirengeje urugero.

 

304 ivyuma bitagira ibara bihuye n’ibintu rusangi vy’inganda bifise ubuzima bw’imyaka 20–25, mu gihe ivyuma bitagira ibara 316L bigaragara mu gutera umunyu no mu guhangana n’imiti, bikaba bishoboza gukora neza imyaka irenga 20 mbere no mu bihe bikomeye vy’akazi.

 

Ivyuma binini vy’amabetoni vy’iminara y’ugukonjesha y’inganda birafise ubushobozi bwo gukomera cane kandi bishobora kumara imyaka 30 gushika ku myaka 50, bisaba gusa gusubirizwa no gutunganywa ubudasiba kw’imiyoboro y’imbere n’iy’ivyuma. Moteri z’umuyaga, ibikoresho n’ibipfukisho ni ibihimba rusangi.

 

Naho umubiri w’umunara woba ukiriho, amamoteri arakenera gusuzumwa canke gusubirwamwo inyuma y’imyaka 8 gushika ku 10, kandi amabering ategerezwa kwuzuzwa amavuta inyuma y’imyaka 3; ahandi ho, urusaku n’uguhungabana bidasanzwe bizoshika kandi vyihute gushaza kw’ibikoresho vyose.

 

 

 

 

 

Ivyerekeye ibikorwa vy’ibikoresho biragabanya canke bikongera ubuzima bw’ibikoresho. Amahinguriro afise amazi yinjira mu gihe kirekire-ubushuhe bwinshi-, amazi akomeye agendagenda atasukuwe, inkungugu iremereye, umunyu n’umuyaga w’imyanda y’imiti, bigaragaza ko ibiharuro vy’ugusenyuka n’ugusenyuka vyiyongereye kabiri.

 

Igihe kirekire-ugukoresha amazi akomeye bituma habaho ivyuma vyinshi ku bipfukisho n’ivyuzuye, ivyo bikaba bigabanya ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushuhe kandi bikazana ugusenyuka kw’imibabaro yo mu karere. Iyoni za chloride zivuye mu gazi y’imyanda y’imiti be n’umuyaga wo ku nkengera y’ikiyaga biguma bisenyura ibihimba vy’ivyuma.

 

Iminara yo gukonjesha idafise imiti y’amazi n’uburyo bwo kuyungurura mu ruhande izotakaza ica gatatu c’ubuzima bwayo bwose. Ahubwo, ibibanza vyo mu nzu canke amahinguriro asanzwe afise amazi meza, ubushuhe buringaniye bw’amazi yinjira mu nzu be n’ibidukikije bisukuye, biratuma ibikoresho bigenda buhoro cane, kandi ibikoresho vyinshi birashobora gushika canke mbere bikarenga ubuzima bwavyo bwategekanijwe.

 

 

 

 

Gucungera ibikoresho ku musi ku musi ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku buzima bwategekanijwe, kandi iyo umuntu adavyitaho bihagije, bizotuma ibikoresho bivaho imbere y’igihe. Ivy’ugucungera amazi mu buryo bubereye birimwo ibice bine: kugenzura uburyo amazi ameze, gusukura ubudasiba, gukingira -ugusenyuka kw’imibumbe n’ugukingira ibihe.

 

 

Agaciro k’amazi n’ubukomezi bwayo bitegerezwa gukurikiranirwa hafi buri kwezi, imiti igabanya ububabare n’ubumara bizohabwa, kandi n’ugufuha bizokorwa ubudasiba kugira ngo bigabanye igitigiri c’amazi. Ivyuzuzwa bizosukurwa, ivu ryo mu binogo vy’amazi rikurwaho, n’ibikoresho vyo gutera imiti bifungurwe buri gihembwe.

 

Ivyuma bizosuzumwa kugira ngo bikuremwo umugese no gusubira gusigwa, kandi imivyimba iri ku bipande vy’ivyuma vy’ibirahuri igasanurwa buri mwaka. Amazi asigaye azokurwamwo, mu rushana akongerako umuti wo gukingira ubukonje kugira ngo imiyoboro ntisaduke.

 

Igihe kirekire-ukubura isuku bizotuma ivyuzuye bizibira, moteri irengeje urugero n'ugutobora kw'ivyuma. Iminara yuguruye y’ibirahuri ifise ubuzima bw’imyaka 15 y’intango yoshobora gukenera gusubirwamwo mu myaka 8 mu bihe bikomeye vy’akazi.

 

 

 

 

Hashingiwe ku migenzo y’ubuhinga bw’inganda, ubuzima busanzwe bw’imiterere isanzwe mu mahinguriro rusangi ni ubu: iminara y’ugukonjesha yuguruye y’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama ibungabungwa neza ishobora gukora imyaka 12 gushika ku 18, n’iminara y’ugukonjesha yuguruye y’ivyuma vy’ibara ry’agahama ishobora gukora imyaka 8 gushika ku 15; iminara yugarijwe y’ugukonjesha ifise amabombo y’icuma 304 ikora neza imyaka 20 gushika kuri 25, mu gihe iminara yugarijwe irwanya-ugusenyuka ikoresha ivyuma bitagira ibara 316L ishika ku buzima bw’imyaka 25 gushika kuri 30.

 

 

 

 

Igihe abaguzi bafata ingingo zo kugura, ntibakwiye kwibanda gusa ku giciro c’intango co kugura. Ibikoresho bihuye n’ibidukikije vy’ibikorwa bizotorwa hamwe n’imigambi yo kubibungabunga ihuye. Ivyo ntibishobora gusa kuramba igihe c’ibikorwa vy’ibikoresho, ariko kandi birashobora no kugabanya amafaranga menshi ava ku gusubirira ibikoresho kenshi no kubibungabunga.