Ubwoko bubiri bw'imiterere y'iminara yo gukonjesha

Iminara yo gukonjesha ni ibikoresho nyamukuru vyo gukuraho ubushuhe bukoreshwa cane mu kubika inguvu nshasha, mu bikorwa vy’imiti, mu bibanza vy’amakuru, mu guhingura imashini no mu bikorwa vy’amashanyarazi.

 

Dushingiye ku buryo bwo kwitandukanya n'abandi bw'ibikoresho bikonjesha bigendagenda,iminara yo gukonjeshazigabanywamwo imiterere ibiri y’ingenzi: umunara wo gukonjesha wuguruye n’umunara wo gukonjesha wugarijwe.

 

Ubwo bwoko bubiri buratandukanye cane mu miterere y’ugutembera kw’amazi, uburyo bwo guhindura ubushuhe, uburyo bwo gukora n’igiciro c’ibikorwa c’ingendo yuzuye, buri bumwe bufise ivyiza vy’ugukoresha n’ivyiza bitandukanye vy’ibikorwa. Gutahura neza ibiranga imiterere yavyo ni co kintu nyamukuru co guhitamwo neza ubuhinga.

 

 

 

Igishushanyo ca mbere gisanzwe ni umunara wo gukonjesha wuguruye, uzwi kandi nk'umunara wo gukonjesha wuguruye-umurongo, umunara wo gukonjesha wa mbere kandi ukoreshwa cane. Igishushanyo nyamukuru caco kiri mu nzira y’ugutembera kw’ibintu vy’ugukonjesha vyuguruye neza.

 

Amazi y’ivyo bikoresho aca mu nzu y’imbere mu munara maze agakorana n’umuyaga wo mu kirere uri ku ruhande rw’ibikoresho vy’i PVC canke PP. Amazi azunguruka akora igice c’amazi ku gipande co gupakira; forced umuyaga ugendaby top fans vyihuta guhinduka umwuka w’amazi, kandi ubushuhe bunyegeje buhinduka umwuka bukuraho ubushuhe bw’umwanda bw’ivyo bikoresho kugira ngo ubushuhe bugabanuke.

 

Ivyo bikoresho vyose birimwo imiyoboro yo gutanga amazi, ibice vy’uguhindura ubushuhe, igikoresho co gukusanya amazi, umuyaga w’amazi, ipompo y’amazi n’imiyoboro yo kwuzuza amazi, bifise ibintu vyoroshe kandi bifise igiciro gito co kugura igihe kimwe{0}}.

 

Ku bijanye n’ibiranga ibikorwa, iminara y’ugukonjesha yuguruye irafise inyungu zigaragara zo guhindura ubushuhe mu gihe gito-mu gihe hari isuku, inkungugu ntoya-n’ibihe bihoraho.

 

Ivyo bikoresho bifise ahantu hanini h’uguhindura ubushuhe, kandi ivyo bikoresho bikorana n’umuyaga ata n’umwe ashobora guhangana n’ubushuhe bwo hagati.

 

Iyo ibikoresho biherutse gukoreshwa kandi ivyuma bipfutse bikaba bisukuye, ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushuhe buraba bwinshi, kandi igiciro c’ishoramari ry’ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha igice ni co gitoyi kuruta ibindi vyose bikoreshwa mu munara wo gukonjesha.

 

Ni vyiza ku bikorwa rusangi vy’inganda bifise ibisabwa bike ku bijanye n’uburyo bw’amazi, nk’ibikoresho bisanzwe vyo gukoresha umuyaga mu nyubakwa, gukoresha imashini ntoyi mu gutera inshinge be n’ugukoresha ubuhinga bwo gukonjesha bworoshe. Ariko rero, iyo ntunganyo yuguruye irafise utunenge tw’imiterere. Amazi akoreshwa mu gutunganya ibintu arashikirwa n’ikirere co hanze, ni co gituma inkungugu, ibintu bimanitswe mu nganda, ibimera vyo mu mazi n’imigera biri mu kirere biguma vyinjira mu muyoboro uzunguruka.

 

 

 

Mu mezi amwe canke atatu y’ugukora ubudasiba, ugukura, ukwirundanira kw’ivu n’ugufunga kw’ibipapuro bizoba, bizotuma ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ubushuhe bugabanuka 20%–40%. Inzego zikeneye guhagarara ubudasiba kubera gusukura ibikoresho, gukuraho amazi mu miyoboro no gusukura amazi, ivyo bikaba bizana ibiciro vyihishijwe vyo gutakaza uguhagarika ibikorwa no gukoresha amazi menshi mu gusukura. Ikindi, iminara yuguruye irashikirwa n’ugutakaza cane kw’umuyaga, n’igipimo c’ugutakaza amazi kigera kuri 1%–3% buri musi, kandi igihe c’imbeho co kurwanya-ubukonje bisaba gukura amazi agendagenda ku rugero runini-, ivyo bikaba bitari vyiza ku bice bifise amazi-ke.

 

Igishushanyo ca kabiri c’ingenzi ni umunara wo gukonjesha wugarijwe, canke umunara wo gukonjesha w’uruzitiro rwugarijwe, igishushanyo c’iherezo ryiza cane categuwe kugira ngo gitore umuti w’ububabare bw’iminara yuguruye nk’uguhumana kw’ibidukikije n’ugukwiragira kw’ubushuhe budashikamye.

 

Igishushanyo cayo nyamukuru ni ugutandukanya uburyo bwo gutembera mu mubiri n’amazi akonjesha yo hanze biciye mu bihimba vy’ivyuma vyugarijwe neza, bikaba bikora ibice bibiri vyigenga bita-bihuye.

 

Ico gipfukisho c’imbere gipfutse gitwara amazi meza y’ibikorwa, antifreeze canke ikintu kidasanzwe gikonjesha, ivyo bikaba bitemba gusa imbere mu bipande vy’icuma bitagira ibara kandi ntivyigera bikorana n’ikirere co hanze; uruzitiro rw’inyuma rwuguruye rw’inyongera rupfuka amazi mu buryo buringaniye ku ruhome rw’inyuma rw’ivyo bipimo kugira ngo bibe igipande c’amazi gitoya, kandi iyo ventilateur igatuma umuyaga ugenda kugira ngo urangize uguhinduranya ubushuhe buva ku ruhande rw’ivyo bipimo. Ivyo bikoresho vyose vyongerako amabombo y’uguhindura ubushuhe yugarijwe, amapompo yigenga yo mu mutima n’ibihimba vyo kuyungurura amazi bishingiye ku gice c’umunara w’ishimikiro, n’ibikoresho vy’intango vyinshi bikoreshwa kuruta iminara yuguruye.

 

 

 

Ivyo bikoresho vyugarijwe birasubiriza neza intege nke zose z’imibumbe y’iminara yuguruye. Kubera ko ivyuma bikoreshwa mu gukora ivyo bikoresho bitandukanye rwose n’ikirere, inkungugu, gazi n’ibimera vyo mu mazi ntibishobora kwanduza umuyoboro w’amazi wo mu mutima.

 

Ico kibanza c’uguhinduranya ubushuhe c’uruzitiro kiraguma kidahinduka igihe kirekire, kandi ubushuhe bugabanuka inyuma y’umwaka umwe bukoreshwa ni .bigenzurwa muri 5%, bikaba bikuraho igikorwa co gusukura no gukuraho ivyuma kenshi. Ivyo gutakaza amazi yo gutera hanze y’umunara kubera umuyaga biri munsi ya 0,3%, ivyo bikaba bizigama cane ubutunzi bw’amazi.

 

Mu rushana, umuti wo gukingira ubukonje urashobora kwongerwa ku gikoresho co mu mutima gipfutse, kandi amazi yo hanze ashobora gukurwako ubusa canke akagira ibikoresho vyo gushusha kugira ngo ntihagire urubura rw’imiyoboro n’ugusaduka, bikaba bihuye n’ubushuhe buke-turere two mu buraruko.

 

 

 

Ku bijanye n’inganda zikora ibintu vy’ukuri nk’uguhingura amabateri ya litiyumu, ibikoresho vyo mu buvuzi, ugukonjesha ubushuhe buhoraho mu kigo c’amakuru be n’ugutuma ibintu bimera nk’amabuye y’agaciro, ivyo bikaba bifise ingingo ngenderwako zikomeye ku bijanye n’gukonjesha isuku hagati, iminara y’ugukonjesha yugarijwe ni yo yonyene yo kwizigirwa yo guhitamwo.

 

Intambamyi yayo ni ugukoresha amashanyarazi menshi gatoyi kw’amapompo abiri-ayunguruka n’igiciro kinini c’ugugura igihe kimwe, ariko amafaranga yo gusukura amazi yazigamye, gutakaza igihe co guhagarara n’igiciro co gusanasana imiyoboro mu myaka ibiri birashobora gukuraho itandukaniro ry’igiciro n’iminara yuguruye, bikaba vyerekana inyungu zidasanzwe mu bijanye n’ubutunzi.

 

 

 

Mu guca irya n’ino, umunara wo gukonjesha wuguruye n’umunara wo gukonjesha wugarijwe ni ubwoko bubiri bw’intango bw’imiterere y’iminara yo gukonjesha, itandukanywa n’uko ubuhinga bwo gukora bukorana n’ikirere.

 

Ubwoko bufunguye buragaragaza igiciro gito c'intango n'imiterere yoroshe ku bihe vy'uburyo bw'amazi buke-; ubwoko bufunze bwishingikiriza ku kwitandukanya kw'imirongo ibiri kugira ngo bushike ku gukwiragira kw'ubushuhe buhamye, uburinzi buringaniye n'ugutunganywa gutoya, guhuza n'ukuri gukomeye, ibidukikije bikomeye n'imigambi y'uguhingura ivy'ingendo ndende-.

 

Abahinguzi b’ibintu vy’ubuhinga barakeneye guhitamwo imiterere y’umunara ihuye hakurikijwe ukuntu inkungugu iri ku kibanza, ibisabwa vyo gusukura hagati, igihe co gukora buri mwaka n’ingene amazi yo mu karere ameze kugira ngo bashobore guhuza ishoramari ry’intango n’igiciro c’ibikorwa vy’igihe kirekire.